Find the name and biographical notes of some of the scientists who attended the Congress of 1931 Find the name and biographical notes of some of the scientists who attended the Congress of 1931
 
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Find the name and biographical notes of some of the scientists who attended the Congress of 1931

from 22 november 2005.
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M.me Marie Curie (Maria Sklodowska, 1867-1934). In 1898 Mr. and Mrs. Curie discovered two new radioactive elements: Rodium and Polonium. In 1903 the Nobel Prize in Phisycs was divided, one half being awarded to A. Henri Becquerel in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity and the other half jointly to Pierre and Marie Curie in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel. Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1932 for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen. Louis Marcel Brillouin (1854-1948). He performed several researches in unusual topics of physics and the physical-mathematics; among them those ones on the viscosity of the liquids and the gases (1907), on the structure of the electromagnetic field in the electric cables are remembered. Patrick M.S. Blackett (1897-1974). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1948 for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation. J.S. Townsend (-1957). His pioneer research and theory laid the whole foundation for the study of the mechanism of the electrical spark discharge. Nevill F. Mott (1905). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 for his fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems. Emil Rupp (1898). He had developed a considerable reputation for his publications about electron diffraction. Werner Heisenberg, listed Rupp alongside C. J. Davisson and L. H. Germer and G. P. Thomson as a pioneer in this field. Quirino Maiorana (1871-1957). Author of several experimental and applied researches, in particular on optics, obtained his greater results in the field of the telegraphy without threads and of the radiophony. Paul Ehrenfest (1880-1933). Noticeable statistical and quantum mechanics studies. Enrico Fermi (1901-1954). He developed the mathematical statistics required to clarify a large class of subatomic phenomena, discovered neutron-induced radioactivity, and directed the first controlled chain reaction involving nuclear fission. He was awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize for Physics. Enrico Persico (1900-1969). He developed his studies on mathematical physics, quantum mechanics and atomic spectroscopy. Antonio Carrelli. Studies on spectroscopy Giulio C. Trabacchi (1884-1959). Collaborated between 1934 and 1938 to the E. Fermi experiments on the nuclear reactions caused by the neutrons and the artificial radioactivity. Author of researches on the conducibility of the metals and on the determination of the intensity of the X-rays, he built in the 40's the first Italian electronic microscope of last century. Giancarlo Vallauri (1882-1957). He has bound his name to the equation of the first analytical theory on electron tube Beck, Guido (1903-1989). Austrian Physicist. Franco Rasetti (1901-2001). He has devoted himself the atomic and nuclear physics, developing with E. Fermi and his collaborators the first experiences on the radioactivity induced by the neutrons. Francesco Giordani (1896-1961). He is well known above all to have planned, with U. Pomilio, a method of extraction of the cellulose from the straw of cereals and a cell used for the electrolysis of the sodium chloride. Nicola Parravano (1883-1938). Scientist and chemist of clear worldwide reputation, he developed his studies in the field of the iron and steel industry, of the cements and the explosives. Giovanni Battista Bonino (1899-1985). He deeply studied quantum chemistry and applied molecular spectroscopy to the study of chemical structures and compounds. He is the founder of molecular physical chemistry in Italy. Laureto Tieri (1879). He studied the Hall effect in the Bismuth, the Avogadro number and mechanical magnetic effects. Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951). Sommerfeld's work led him to replace the circular orbits of the Niels Bohr atom with elliptical orbits; he also introduced the magnetic quantum number in 1916 and, four years later, the inner quantum number. Bruno B. Rossi (1905-1993). His experiments on cosmic rays marked the beginning of electronic experimentation in nuclear and particle physics. Walter Bothe (1891-1957). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1954 for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith. Francis William Aston (1877-1945). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1922 for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule. Niels Bohr (1885-1962). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922 for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms (1913) and of the radiation emanating from them. Orso Mario Corbino (Augusta 1876-Roma 1937). He developed researches on optics and on magnetoptics and on the properties of metals at high temperatures. Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1909 in recognition of his contribution to the development of wireless telegraphy. Jean Baptiste Perrin (1870-1942). Winner of the Nobel Price in Phisycs in 1926 for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium. Artur H. Compton (1892-1962). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1927 for his discovery and explanation of the change in the wavelength of X rays when they collide with electrons in metals. This so-called Compton effect is caused by the transfer of energy from the photon to the electron. Its discovery in 1922 confirmed the dual nature of electromagnetic radiation as both a wave and a particle. Giovanni Giorgi, physician, mathematic and engineer (1871-1950). An old unit (nowadays included in International System of Units) takes his name Robert A. Millikan (1868-1953). Winner of the 1923 Nobel Prize for Physics for his work on the elementary charge of electron and on the photoelectric effect (1910). O.W. Richardson (1879-1959). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1928 for his work on electron emission by hot metals, the basic principle used in vacuum tubes. (Edison-Richardson effect, 1901). Peter Debye (1884-1966). Winner of the 1936 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases Otto Stern (1888-1969). Winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1943 for his development of the molecular beam as a tool for studying the characteristics of molecules and for his measurement of the magnetic moment of the proton. (Stern-Gerlach experiment). Charles D. Ellis. Studies on Radiations from Radioactive Substances: in the 1920's he discovered beta decay of atoms Gleb Watagin Michele Cantone Antonio Garbasso (1871-1933). Physician. His most important contributions regard the electromagnetic waves and the Spectroscopy. Click to enlarge Find the name and biographical notes of the other scientists who attended the Congress of 1931